Spanish high level handicapped sportsmen and eating disorders: are they at risk?.

  1. Francisco Javier Martín-Almena 1
  2. Juan Francisco Romero-Collazos 2
  3. María Pilar Montero-López 1
  1. 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01cby8j38

  2. 2 Universidad Complutense de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Complutense de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR 02p0gd045

Journal:
Journal of Negative and No Positive Results: JONNPR

ISSN: 2529-850X

Year of publication: 2016

Volume: 1

Issue: 7

Pages: 262-267

Type: Article

More publications in: Journal of Negative and No Positive Results: JONNPR

Abstract

Background: Eating disorders have an important effect on health and sport performance. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether the sport practice acts as a risk factor or a protective factor for eating disorders. Aim: To examine the risk of eating disorders in Spanish disabled high level sportsmen and sportswomen. Methods: The Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) was performed in 60 physical or visual disabled subjects who belonged to Paralympics or Promising youngster teams. Results: Low rates for eating disorders risk were found. Only one subject was considered at risk. Multiple regressions análisis performed with the complete sample revealed no associations between gender, type of handicap, and sport category and EAT-26. Conclusion: Controlling gender effect, visual impairment was related to EAT-26 score in women.

Bibliographic References

  • Costarelli V, Stamou D. Emotional intelligence, body image and disordered eating attitudes in combat sports athlete. J Exerc Sci Fit. 2009;7:104-11.
  • Currie A, Morse ED. Eating disorders in athletes: managing the risk. Clin J Sport Med. 2005;24:871-83.
  • Filaire E, Maso F, Degoutte F, Jouanel P, Lac G. Food restriction, performance, psychological state and lipid values in judo athletes. Int J Sports Med. 2001;22:454-59.
  • Miller KK. Mechanisms by which nutritional disorders cause reduced bone mass in adults. J Womens Health. 2003;12:145-50.
  • Thompson RA, Sherman RT. “Good athlete” traits and characteristics of anorexia nervosa: Are they similar? Eat Disord. 1999;7:181-90.
  • Coelho GMO, Soares EA, Ribeiro BG. Are female athletes at increased risk for disordered eating? Appetite. 2010;55:379-87.
  • Smolak L, Murnen SK, Ruble AE. Female athletes and eating problems. A meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord. 2000;27:371-80.
  • Sundgot-Borgen J, Torstveit MK. Aspects of disordered eating continuum in elite high-intensity sports. Scand J Med Sci Spor. 2010;20:112-21.
  • DiBartolo PM, Shaffer C. A comparision of females college athletes and nonathletes: Eating disorder symptomatology and psychological well-being. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2002;24:33-41.
  • Sundgot-Borgen J, Torstveit MK. Prevalence of eating disorders in elite athletes is higher than in general population. Clin J Sport Med. 2004;14:25-32.
  • Raymond-Barker P, Petroczi A, Quested E. Assessment of nutritional knowledge in female athletes susceptible to the Female Athlete Triad syndrome. J Occup Med Toxicol. 2007;2:10. doi:10.1186/1745-6673-2-10.
  • Johnson C, Powers PS, Dick R. Athletes and eating disorders: The National Collegiate Athletic Association Study. Int J Eat Disord. 1999;26:179-88.
  • Garner DM, Olmsted MP, Bohr Y, Garfinkel PE. The Eating Attitudes Test: psychometric features and clinical correlates. Psychol Med. 1982;12:871-8.
  • González Montero de Espinosa M, Marrodán MD. Técnicas complementarias para la valoración nutricional. En : González Montero de Espinosa M, Marrodán MD , editors. La salud escolar también se mide: Guía práctica para el docente. Madrid: Centro Regional de Innovación y Formación “Las Acacias”; 2007. p. 29- 33.
  • Peláez-Fernández MA, Raich-Escursell RM, Labrador-Encinas FJ. Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en España: Revisión de estudios epidemiológicos. Rev Mex Trastor Aliment. 2010;1:62-75.
  • Hausenblas HA, Carron AV. Eating disorder indices and athletes: an integration. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 1999;21:230-58.
  • Riebl SK, Subudhi AW, Broker JP, Schenck K, Berning JR. The prevalence of subclinical eating disorders among male cyclist. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107:1214-17.
  • Raudenbush B, Meyer B. Muscular dissatisfaction and supplement use among male intercollegiate athletes. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2003;25:161-70.
  • Raudenbush B, Zellner DA. Nobody’s satisfied: Effects of abnormal eating behaviours and actual perceived weight status on body image satisfaction in males and females. J Soc Clin Psychol. 1997;16:95-110.
  • Furnham A, Badmin N, Sneade I. Body image dissatisfaction: gender differences in eating attitudes, self-esteem, and reasons for exercise. J Psychol. 2002;136:581-96.
  • Olivardia R, Pope Jr HG, Borowiecki III JJ, Cohane GH. Biceps and body image: the relationship between muscularity and self-esteem, depression, and eating disorder symptoms. Psychol Men Masc. 2004;5:112-20.
  • Filaire E, Rouveix M, Bouget M, Pannafieux C. Prevalence of eating disorders in athletes. Sci Sport. 2007;22:135-42.
  • Taleporos G, McCabe MP. The relationship between the severity and duration of physical disability and body esteem. Psychol Health. 2005;20:637–50.
  • Ben-Tovim DI, Walker MK. Body image, disfigurement and disability. J Psychosom Res. 1995;39:283–91.
  • Ashikali EM, Dittmar H. Body image and restrained eating in blind and sighted women: A preliminary study. Body Image. 2010;7:172–5.
  • Baker D, Sivyer R, Towell T. Body image dissatisfaction and eating attitudes in visually impaired women. Int J Eat Disord. 1998;24:319–22.
  • Montero P, Barroso A. Perception de l’image corporelle chez les enfants, les adolescents et les jeunes aveugles et handicapes visuels. Antropo. 2003;4:35-44.
  • Montero P, Barroso A, Bernis C, Varea C. Dietary habits, nutritional state and body image in blind and visually impaired children, adolescents and young people. Nutrition. 2001;17:1012.